X-rays, like visible light, are a kind of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays, on the other hand, have a higher energy and can penetrate through most objects, including the body. Medical x-rays produce images of tissues and structures within the body. If x-rays passing through the body also pass through an x-ray detector on the other side of the patient, an image representing the "shadows" generated by the items inside the body is formed. Photographic film is one sort of x-ray detector, but there are many more types of detectors used to create digital images. Radiographs are the x-ray images produced by this method. A radiograph is made by positioning a patient so that the part of the body being scanned is between an x-ray source and an x-ray detector. When the equipment is turned on, x-rays move through the body and are absorbed in varying amounts by different tissues, depending on the radiological density of the tissues. The radiological density of a material is defined by its density as well as its atomic number (the number of protons in its nucleus).
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